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A washer is a thin plate (typically disk-shaped) with a hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener, such as a screw or nut. Other uses are as a spacer, spring (belleville washer, wave washer), wear pad, preload indicating device, locking device, and to reduce vibration (rubber washer). Washers usually have an outer diameter (OD) about twice the width of their inner diameter (ID).

Washers are usually metal or plastic. High quality bolted joints require hardened steel washers to prevent the loss of pre-load due to Brinelling after the torque is applied.

Rubber or fiber gaskets used in taps (or faucets, or valves) to stop the flow of water are sometimes referred to colloquially as washers; but, while they may look similar, washers and gaskets are usually designed for different functions and made differently.

Washers are also important for preventing galvanic corrosion, particularly by insulating steel screws from aluminium surfaces.

Washers can be categorised into three types;

Plain washers, which spread a load, and prevent damage to the surface being fixed, or provide some sort of insulation such as electrical
Spring washers, which have axial flexibility and are used to prevent fastening loosening due to vibrations
Locking washers, which prevent fastening loosening by preventing unscrewing rotation of the fastening device; locking washers are usually also spring washers.
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) provides standards for general use flat washers. Type A is a series of steel washers with broad tolerances, where precision is NOT critical. Type B is a series of flat washers with tighter tolerances where outside diameters are categorized as 'Narrow', 'Regular' or 'Wide' for specific bolt sizes.

'Type' is not to be confused with 'form' (but often is). The British Standard for Metric Series Metal Washers (BS4320) written in 1968 coined the term 'form'. The forms go from A to D for Bright Metal and denote outside diameter and thickness. They can be summarised as -

Form A: Normal diameter, normal thickness
Form B: Normal diameter, light thickness
Form C: Large diameter, normal thickness
Form D: Large diameter, light thickness
Forms E to G relate to black metal washers.

Fender washers, Stainless steel 18-8

Washer size (Diameter) is the size bolt that the washer is used with. Thus a 1/4 washer fits a 1/4 bolt.

Nominal screw
sizes M (mm)
Screw pitch
thread P (mm)
Internal (Inside) diameter
hole d1 (mm)
External (Outside) diameter
d2 (mm)
thickness
H (mm)
1st
choice
2nd
choice
Coarse Fine
10.251.130.3
1.20.251.33.50.3
1.40.31.540.3
1.60.351.740.3
1.71.84.50.3
1.80.35
20.42.250.3
2.50.452.760.5
2.62.870.5
30.53.270.5
3.50.63.780.5
40.74.390.8
50.85.3101
610.756.4121.6
717.4141.6
81.2518.4161.6
101.51.25 or 110.5202
121.751.5 or 1.2513242.5
1421.515282.5
1621.517303
182.52 or 1.519343
202.52 or 1.521373
222.52 or 1.523393
243225444
273228504
303.5231564
333.5234605
364337665
394340726
424.5343787
454.5346857
485350928
525454988
565.54581059
605.54621109
6464661159
687012010
727412510
767813510
808214012
858714512
909316012
10010417514

 

Types of Washer

 

Fender Washer Application Industries

Sunflex Metal Industries are engaged in manufacturing of robust quality of Fender Washer. These Fender Washer are widely used in the following industries:

Fender Washer Mining Industries
Fender Washer Transport Industries- Rail and Road
Fender Washer Construction Industries / Building Systems
Fender Washer Manufacturing Industries
Fender Washer Agriculture Industries
Fender Washer Energy Industries
Fender Washer Water Industries
Fender Washer Automotive Industries
Fender Washer Ship Building Industries
Fender Washer Nuclear Power Plant
Fender Washer Paper & Pulp Industries
Fender Washer Sugar Industries
Fender Washer Engineering Cement Industries
Fender Washer Petro-Chemical Industries
Fender Washer Food Industries
Fender Washer Oil & Gas Industries
Fender Washer Chemical & Pharmaceutical Industries

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